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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. L. P. SPOONBR.

SBAMLESS PLATED INGOT.

Patented Jan.7,1890.

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WITH m @fd/M MMM 2. t e w m, S t nu e h S 2 .m RG EN NI D wm PA SL .D1 Pm .Lm .m .lu-uu S u d 0 M o m a K 0 M J o o Patented Jan l N 1 f Wm- E E5 P1 EZ/K? Unrrnn STATESl PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN L. P. SPOONER, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

SEAM LESS PLATED INGOT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 419,085, dated January '7, 1890.

Application led July 5, 1889.` Serial No. 316,630. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may cmwernf Be it known that I, JOHN L. P. SPOONER, of Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Seamless Plated Ingots, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In the manufacture of compound seamless plated ingots it has been the custom to turn to a uniform diameter a core or rod of base metal, and placing the said core or rod into a seamless cylindrical tube or thimble of fine metal, whose inside diameter and shape corresponded to the outside diameter and shape of the base-metal core or rod, the two surfaces then being united by means of soldering, the solder being applied by any of the usual ways. These ingots are eventually reduced by rolls, then afterward drawn into wire for the manufacture of jewelry. One objection to this process is, that it is nearly or quite impossible to have the solder fuse and run down around the core or filling, so as to unite the surface of the core or rod to that of the nner metal evenly, thereby causing imperfect stock and consequently agreat waste. Another objection to the soldering process is, that when the solder is in the act of running down and aroundthe above core or rod it will very often skip or jump in spots, thereby causing blisters, which elongate or draw out as the ingot is in process of reduction. "Wherever the blister cornes is waste stock. Another objection is its great cost in time and labor, the core or rod having to be first turned to a uniform diameter to that of the aperture in the fine metal tube or thimble.` The tube or thimble is made of alloy, then lmelted and poured into a cylindrical mold in some instances. In others the alloy is poured in a molten mass into a flat ingotmold, such as is commonly used by jewelers. It is then reduced to the proper thickness by passing through .rolls or mills under many process, all of which requires time and labor. The tube or thimble of iine metal now formed as above mentioned is ready to be united o1' soldered to the base-metal core or rod. The solder is then alloyed, melted, and reduced by burring or grinding into small particles or what is termed filed solder by amachine. The outside of the core or rod and the inside of the tube or thimble receive a coating of borax previously ground in water. The core or rod is now inserted into the tube or thimble of fine metal, and the solder applied in solne one of the many ways known. Then the core, thimble, and solder are placed in the fire and allowed to remain until it is thought the solder has adhered to the two surfaces, when they are removed. All of these dierent operations consume a vast amount of time and labor, to say nothing of the imperfect stock when drawn into wire, which is a dead loss. The time and labor consumed in these different processes, together with the waste, enhance the cost of production, so much so that it is not practical.

This invention consists of a seamless plated Y ingot composed of a solid or hollow core having an outer seamless covering or plating united thereto by fusion', all substantially as hereinafter fully described, reference being had to the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which is represented a seamless plated ingot made in accordance with this invention and a mold for the making of the same.

Figures l and 2 represent such a mold in Vertical central section, showing different forms for carrying out this invention. Figs. 3 and i are crosssections on lines 3 3 and 4 it, respectively, of Figs. l and 2; Figs. 5 and G, longitudinal central sections of the seamless plated ingot with the core respectively solid and hollow; Figs. 7 and 8,crosssections on lines 7 7 and S 8, Figs. 5 and 6, Figs. 5 to S being reduced; Fig. 9, a vertical section ofthe mold similar to Fig. 2, showing a modification in the form of the ingot; Figs'lO and ll, longitudinal central sections of the seamless plated ingot.

A in the drawings represents a shell or casing, of cast-iron or other metal, circular` in cross-section, of any desired size, and made in two parts B and C, adapted to be secured IOO togetherby screws ct through the screw-holes D, in the usual manner of making molds.

In the upper part of the shell A in Fig. I is a sleeve or thimble E, closely fit-ting the interior of the shell, and having a central vertical passage F. In the lower part of this shell is a lining G, of fire-resisting material, such as plumbago and clay.

In the preparation of the lnold for use Vthe fire-resisting material is irst placed in the shell A of .the quantity desired in a plastic or moist condition, andr then the sleeve E,.hav ing a liange b insert-ed in the shell, and a rod or core I-I, of iron or of suitable material and diameter, is inserted in the sleeve and pressed and forced down into the plastic material nearlytov the bottom of the shell, being guidedv in such j'movem'ent'by the thimbl'e or sleeve,

theI core lat 'its portion Q, in the vsleeve when` the`-"eore" is nearly` and fully down `fitting closely the passage F, and at such place be#V ing fof even 'diameter and of a length to extend `mo`reth`an the length of the sleeve to properly -center the core in the mold. The

insertionA of the core as above disposes of the material" about 'and' around the core and between it and the shell, making alining to thev shell,"as"sl`1own i'n the figures.l Vhen the fire! resisting materialG is set and dry, the core His removed, 1an'dthe mold making the cru cibl'efis thenready foruse'. To preventthev material G'from'displacement when set, a flangei'J is'arranged on the interior of the shell :with which it engages, as shown.

In the useof'themold the gage 4orthimble orfsleeve shown in Figfl is first removed fromv the'sliell and another sleeve or thimblel K"`(se`e Fig.2)inserted therein, which is of the same external diameter to fit the shell, but has -its central passage L of a less diameter than 'the sleeve or thimble E shown in Fig."l,so that if theny the core or'spindle M 'of Fig. =2, madeto fit this passage L in thimble' top, while, .as shown in Fig. 11, although the core-'at its 'portion that'is within the metal is of even diameter throughout, such portion is ofv less diameter than the guiding portion which is-'within the sleeve.

The quality and quantity of the liine metal being determined and the alloy weighed, place lit into the crucible or mold and put the shell or 'casing Av into the fire, (a charcoal forge-fire or some one f the many blast-furnaces,) and let it remain in the iire until the alloy has melted or reached a iiuid state. Then put the core M, of base metal, Fig. 2, in the aperture L of the sleeve or gage M and let it slide gently down, and by a gentle pressure immerse it into the molten or fluid alloy nearly to the bottoln of the mold, which causes it to displace the molten alloy, which is slowly forced up the annular space or chamber until it reaches to the top of the tire-resisting material. The heat generated by the fire has caused the surface of the core base metal M and that of the ine alloy to adhere or fuse to eachother as the alloy forces its Way slowly upward. When the molten metal is up to the desired height, the fusion of the fine and base metaliis complete', and a firm and even" coating of' tine metal P covers-the core or rod M of base metall', when the shell or casing, 'with vits contents, is removed :from the tire and Vallowed 'to cool. f The'searnles's plated compound ingot is -lthenremoved fro'infsthe mold,` the in gotbein-g now ready to be'rediiced to wire of any Vsize or'shape.vl v

The-corev of lthe `1`nold canv beof any desired shape and si'zeV in cross-section and tapering or straight, or; as desired, except yat-that lpo'rtion of the core which lies'withinthes'leeve when the'core Yis down in 'plac`e,-sho` uld` be of the same diameterthroughou't 'and to iit the' sleeve, so that the Vcore -will be'pro'p'e'rly and trulycentere'd within the 'moldproper to in-V sure the proper 'disposingfof the finemet'al aboutthecore. The tapering mold is sometimes preferable to use,v as it enablesv the reducing of the ingot by rollers Vto be the lbetter secured; also, the core can' be`solid,`-as

shown in Figs. 5 and`7,or hollow, as'shownin Figs. 6 and 8 more particularly,`andwhen hollow of anydesired thickness; but in the use of a hollow core`the lower end' is closed'with a plugv 'of thev fire-resistingv Vmaterial I or fanyv suitable material to prevent the ine metal from 'entering the same.

The {ire-resisting Vmaterial can-be made of ICO IIO

any suitable material other than clay kand f' my hand in the presence of 'two subscribing witnesses.

JOI-IN L. P. sPooNER.

Vitnessesz e EDWIN W. BROWN,

CARRIE E. NICHOLS. 

